[Eoas-seminar] COAPS Short Seminar Series (update on 3rd talk)

Mon Mar 25 14:08:18 EDT 2024

COAPS Short Seminar Series
11:00 AM April 1st
Attend F2F (in 255 Research A) or Virtually (via Zoom)
https://fsu.zoom.us/j/92268262553

Meeting ID: 922 6826 2553
Talks are 12 minutes long with an additional 8 minutes for questions.

Observed Variability of Upwelling Filaments in the Northern Arabian Sea during Summer Monsoons
By Ethan Wright
Cold filaments of upwelled water form off the coasts of Oman and Yemen during the Indian summer monsoon and strongly contribute to cross-shelf exchanges of water mass properties and nutrients. The largest of the cold filaments typically form around the northern periphery of persistent anticyclonic eddies located off the coasts during the summer upwelling season. A novel filament detection algorithm with satellite sea surface temperature imagery is used to analyze the seasonal formation and interannual variability of upwelling filaments along the coasts of Arabia during summer monsoons. In particular, mesoscale eddy patterns associated with the development large cold filaments are analyzed using a combination of satellite altimetry and sea surface temperature products, providing insight into the role of eddies in cross-shelf exchanges of water in the Northern Arabian Sea.

The changing annual cycle of SST
By  Fucheng Yang
Description: In recent decades, many research efforts focused on global climate change, multidecadal, decadal, interannual variability, and the increasing extreme events of sea surface temperature. In contrast, the continuous evolution of the reference frame, the annual cycle of SST used to quantify the aforementioned variability and changes, has long been overlooked, resulting in difficulties in understanding the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for these variability and changes. In this study, we strive to bridge this gap on the phase changes in SST annual cycle. By devising a running correlation-based method, we can now quantify the non-sinusoidal shape of the evolving SST annual cycle, such as the advancing or delaying of summer and winter peaking times. It is revealed that the varying phases of summer or winter are more closely linked to multidecadal SST variability than to long-term climate change. Both the systematic shift of the phase and alterations in the annual cycle shape contribute to the phase changes, which explain 0.4~1.0 °C of monthly SST anomaly with respect to the climatological annual cycle in a multidecadal timescale. Furthermore, it is evident that the SST phases in historical simulations are not well captured and exhibit stronger variation compared with observation.

Introduction to Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD)
By Takaya Uchida
With the launch of the SWOT satellite, there is great interest within the oceanographic community to extract surface velocity information from the new altimetry observations with O(1 km) spatial resolution. The fact, however, that the observed altimetry being a superposed signal of geostrophic turbulence and waves complicates the problem. While geostrophy is one of the most practical balances that relate sea-surface height (SSH) to velocity, taking the horizontal gradients of unfiltered SSH observations becomes contaminated by wave signals. One work around has been to exploit the fact that waves are associated with smaller spatial scales and shorter time scales than geostrophic eddies. Namely, filtering the SSH field by band-pass filters in the wavenumber and frequency domain. Despite some success, Fourier transforms are associated with their own problems such as requiring the data to be periodic. Empirical Orthogonal Functions, on the other hand, are excellent at extracting spatial modes of the data but decouples the space-time information. Here, I introduce a relatively novel method coined as Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) that decomposes the data into spatial modes while retaining the phase (i.e. oscillating, growing or decaying in time) information associated with each mode. Conceptually, it can be thought of as applying the band-pass filter in the real space-time domain (instead of the wavenumber-frequency domain). I will provide preliminary results based on toy data and a tidally-forced 1/50 HYCOM simulation about the separated Gulf Stream.

NOTE: Please feel free to forward/share this invitation with other groups/disciplines that might be interested in this talk/topic. All are welcome to attend.

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