From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 1 09:34:19 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2019 13:34:19 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] FINAL REMINDER: Meteorology MS Defense for Jacob Carstens, Monday, April 1, 2019, 4:00 PM, LOV353 Message-ID: Meteorology Seminar Jacob Carstens M.S. Meteorology Candidate Title: Tropical cyclogenesis from self-aggregated convection in numerical simulations of rotating radiative-convective equilibrium Major Professor: Dr. Allison Wing Date: April 01, 2019 Time: 4:00-5:30 PM Location: Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building) (Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 3:30 PM) ABSTRACT Organized convection is of critical importance in the tropical atmosphere. Recent advances in numerical modeling have revealed that moist convection can interact with its environment to transition from a quasi-random to organized state. This phenomenon, known as convective self-aggregation, is aided by feedbacks involving clouds, water vapor, and radiation that increase the spatial variance of column-integrated frozen moist static energy. Prior studies have shown self-aggregation to take several different forms, including that of spontaneous tropical cyclogenesis in an environment of rotating radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE). This study expands upon previous work to address the processes leading to tropical cyclogenesis in this rotating RCE framework. More specifically, a 3-D, cloud-permitting numerical model is used to examine the self-aggregation of convection and potential cyclogenesis, and the background planetary vorticity is varied on an f-plane across simulations to represent a range of deep tropical and near-equatorial environments. Convection is initialized randomly in an otherwise homogeneous environment, with no background wind, precursor disturbance, or other synoptic-scale forcing. All simulations with planetary vorticity corresponding to latitudes from 10? poleward generate intense tropical cyclones, with maximum wind speeds of 80 ms-1 or above. Time to genesis and to hurricane intensity varies widely, even within a 5-member ensemble of 20? simulations, reflecting a potential degree of stochastic variability based in part on the initial random distribution of convection. Shared across this so-called "high-f" group is the emergence of a midlevel vortex in the days leading to genesis, which has dynamic and thermodynamic implications on its environment that facilitates the spinup of a low-level vortex. Tropical cyclogenesis is possible in this model even at very low values of Coriolis parameter, as far equatorward as 1?. In these experiments, convection self-aggregates into a quasi-circular cluster, which then begins to rotate and gradually strengthens into a tropical storm, aided by near-surface inflow and elevated overturning radial circulations within the aggregated cluster. Other experiments at these lower Coriolis parameters instead self-aggregate into an elongated band and fail to undergo cyclogenesis over the 100-day simulation. A large portion of this study is devoted to examining in greater detail the dynamic and thermodynamic evolution of cyclogenesis in these experiments and comparing the physical mechanisms to current theories. Shel McGuire Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology) Tallahassee, FL 32306 850-644-8582 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 1 10:28:01 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2019 14:28:01 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Lauren Campbell - April 2, 10am - CSL1003 Message-ID: Oceanography Seminar Lauren Gillies Campbell Ph.D. Biological Oceanography Candidate Title: Analysis of microbial abundance, transcriptional activity and metabolic potential in the Gulf of Mexico "dead zone" reveals an ammonia-oxidizing hotspot Major Professor: Dr. Olivia U. Mason Defense Date: April 2, 2019 Time: 10:00 AM Location: Chemistry Auditorium 1003 (CSL1003) Abstract: Ocean deooxygenation is accelerating as a result of greenhouse gas-driven atmospheric warming and subsequent increase in global ocean temperature. One of the world's largest coastal hypoxic zones occurs annually in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM). These hypoxic zones are also known as "dead zones" because dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of ? 2 mg L-1 are inhospitable to economically valuable fisheries. However, microorganisms flourish in "dead zones" because of their ability to utilize diverse metabolic pathways. Decades worth of geochemical data has provided fine-scale resolution on nutrient and oxygen dynamics the nGOM, however little is known about microbial community structure and activity despite the implication that microbial respiration is responsible for forming low DO conditions. To begin to fill this knowledge gap, samples collected across the nGOM shelf for two consecutive hypoxic seasons in July 2013 (Y13) and 2014 (Y14) were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene iTag sequencing, quantification of bacterial and thaumarchaeal 16S rRNA genes and archaeal ammonia-monooxygenase (amoA) genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, as well as shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing. Analysis of the microbial community16S rRNA gene sequence data (iTag) showed that ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota (100% similar to Nitrosopumilus maritimus) were significantly enriched in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. In agreement with the iTag data, subsequent analyses of the absolute abundance (qPCR) of Thaumarchaeota 16S rRNA and amoA gene copy numbers revealed these data to be significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. These results of significantly higher Thaumarchaeota abundances and amoA gene copy numbers in hypoxic samples were confirmed with analyses of Y14 data. To better understand the ecological significance of the high thaumarchaeal abundances in the hypoxic zone, shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing was carried out. Annotation of unassembled metatranscriptomic reads revealed that functional genes involved in nitrification and ammonia assimilation were some of the most abundant transcripts in both hypoxic and oxic samples, with urease enzymes being significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples. Next, the physiological and metabolic potential of two novel Thaumarchaeota metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) was described. Bioinformatic analyses of these MAGs revealed that one contained transcripts coding for urea utilization, consistent with the analysis of unassembled metatranscriptomic sequences. Both MAGs recruited more metatranscriptomic reads derived from hypoxic samples compared to oxic samples, suggesting that archaeal ammonia oxidation (AOA) may be influenced by local changes in DO concentrations. Collectively, analyses of the datasets in this dissertation that include data from iTag sequencing, qPCR assays, and meta-omics sequencing, found that seasonal hypoxic conditions influenced Thaumarchaeota abundance, activity and diversity, with the annual nGOM "dead zone" emerging as a niche for low DO-adapted, cosmopolitan AOA. Overall, the findings in this dissertation provided significant new insights into the ecology and biogeochemical contributions of marine Archaea, particularly in regards to the nitrogen cycle during a eutrophic-driven hypoxic event. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 1 10:34:17 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2019 14:34:17 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Lauren Campbell - April 2, 10am - CSL1003 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Hi Olivia, On the calendar web site (below), Lauren's dissertation is still scheduled for CSL1005, has there been a room change? Markus https://calendar.fsu.edu/event/campbell_lauren_gillies_-_dissertation_defense Markus Huettel Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University 117 N Woodward Ave. P.O. Box 3064320 Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4320 USA Phone: (850) 645-1394 Fax: (850) 644-2581 Email: mhuettel at fsu.edu Website: http://myweb.fsu.edu/mhuettel/ ________________________________________ From: Eoas-seminar on behalf of eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Sent: Monday, April 1, 2019 10:28 AM To: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Lauren Campbell - April 2, 10am - CSL1003 Oceanography Seminar Lauren Gillies Campbell Ph.D. Biological Oceanography Candidate Title: Analysis of microbial abundance, transcriptional activity and metabolic potential in the Gulf of Mexico ?dead zone? reveals an ammonia-oxidizing hotspot Major Professor: Dr. Olivia U. Mason Defense Date: April 2, 2019 Time: 10:00 AM Location: Chemistry Auditorium 1003 (CSL1003) Abstract: Ocean deooxygenation is accelerating as a result of greenhouse gas-driven atmospheric warming and subsequent increase in global ocean temperature. One of the world?s largest coastal hypoxic zones occurs annually in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM). These hypoxic zones are also known as ?dead zones? because dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of ? 2 mg L-1 are inhospitable to economically valuable fisheries. However, microorganisms flourish in ?dead zones? because of their ability to utilize diverse metabolic pathways. Decades worth of geochemical data has provided fine-scale resolution on nutrient and oxygen dynamics the nGOM, however little is known about microbial community structure and activity despite the implication that microbial respiration is responsible for forming low DO conditions. To begin to fill this knowledge gap, samples collected across the nGOM shelf for two consecutive hypoxic seasons in July 2013 (Y13) and 2014 (Y14) were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene iTag sequencing, quantification of bacterial and thaumarchaeal 16S rRNA genes and archaeal ammonia-monooxygenase (amoA) genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, as well as shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing. Analysis of the microbial community16S rRNA gene sequence data (iTag) showed that ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota (100% similar to Nitrosopumilus maritimus) were significantly enriched in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. In agreement with the iTag data, subsequent analyses of the absolute abundance (qPCR) of Thaumarchaeota 16S rRNA and amoA gene copy numbers revealed these data to be significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. These results of significantly higher Thaumarchaeota abundances and amoA gene copy numbers in hypoxic samples were confirmed with analyses of Y14 data. To better understand the ecological significance of the high thaumarchaeal abundances in the hypoxic zone, shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing was carried out. Annotation of unassembled metatranscriptomic reads revealed that functional genes involved in nitrification and ammonia assimilation were some of the most abundant transcripts in both hypoxic and oxic samples, with urease enzymes being significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples. Next, the physiological and metabolic potential of two novel Thaumarchaeota metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) was described. Bioinformatic analyses of these MAGs revealed that one contained transcripts coding for urea utilization, consistent with the analysis of unassembled metatranscriptomic sequences. Both MAGs recruited more metatranscriptomic reads derived from hypoxic samples compared to oxic samples, suggesting that archaeal ammonia oxidation (AOA) may be influenced by local changes in DO concentrations. Collectively, analyses of the datasets in this dissertation that include data from iTag sequencing, qPCR assays, and meta-omics sequencing, found that seasonal hypoxic conditions influenced Thaumarchaeota abundance, activity and diversity, with the annual nGOM ?dead zone? emerging as a niche for low DO-adapted, cosmopolitan AOA. Overall, the findings in this dissertation provided significant new insights into the ecology and biogeochemical contributions of marine Archaea, particularly in regards to the nitrogen cycle during a eutrophic-driven hypoxic event. From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 1 11:10:35 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2019 15:10:35 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] NOTE ROOM CHANGE Reminder: Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Lauren Campbell - April 2, 10am - CSL1003 Message-ID: Please note room change to 1003CSL Oceanography Seminar Lauren Gillies Campbell Ph.D. Biological Oceanography Candidate Title: Analysis of microbial abundance, transcriptional activity and metabolic potential in the Gulf of Mexico "dead zone" reveals an ammonia-oxidizing hotspot Major Professor: Dr. Olivia U. Mason Defense Date: April 2, 2019 Time: 10:00 AM Location: Chemistry Auditorium 1003 (CSL1003) Abstract: Ocean deooxygenation is accelerating as a result of greenhouse gas-driven atmospheric warming and subsequent increase in global ocean temperature. One of the world's largest coastal hypoxic zones occurs annually in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM). These hypoxic zones are also known as "dead zones" because dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of ? 2 mg L-1 are inhospitable to economically valuable fisheries. However, microorganisms flourish in "dead zones" because of their ability to utilize diverse metabolic pathways. Decades worth of geochemical data has provided fine-scale resolution on nutrient and oxygen dynamics the nGOM, however little is known about microbial community structure and activity despite the implication that microbial respiration is responsible for forming low DO conditions. To begin to fill this knowledge gap, samples collected across the nGOM shelf for two consecutive hypoxic seasons in July 2013 (Y13) and 2014 (Y14) were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene iTag sequencing, quantification of bacterial and thaumarchaeal 16S rRNA genes and archaeal ammonia-monooxygenase (amoA) genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, as well as shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing. Analysis of the microbial community16S rRNA gene sequence data (iTag) showed that ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota (100% similar to Nitrosopumilus maritimus) were significantly enriched in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. In agreement with the iTag data, subsequent analyses of the absolute abundance (qPCR) of Thaumarchaeota 16S rRNA and amoA gene copy numbers revealed these data to be significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples and inversely correlated with DO concentrations. These results of significantly higher Thaumarchaeota abundances and amoA gene copy numbers in hypoxic samples were confirmed with analyses of Y14 data. To better understand the ecological significance of the high thaumarchaeal abundances in the hypoxic zone, shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing was carried out. Annotation of unassembled metatranscriptomic reads revealed that functional genes involved in nitrification and ammonia assimilation were some of the most abundant transcripts in both hypoxic and oxic samples, with urease enzymes being significantly more abundant in hypoxic samples. Next, the physiological and metabolic potential of two novel Thaumarchaeota metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) was described. Bioinformatic analyses of these MAGs revealed that one contained transcripts coding for urea utilization, consistent with the analysis of unassembled metatranscriptomic sequences. Both MAGs recruited more metatranscriptomic reads derived from hypoxic samples compared to oxic samples, suggesting that archaeal ammonia oxidation (AOA) may be influenced by local changes in DO concentrations. Collectively, analyses of the datasets in this dissertation that include data from iTag sequencing, qPCR assays, and meta-omics sequencing, found that seasonal hypoxic conditions influenced Thaumarchaeota abundance, activity and diversity, with the annual nGOM "dead zone" emerging as a niche for low DO-adapted, cosmopolitan AOA. Overall, the findings in this dissertation provided significant new insights into the ecology and biogeochemical contributions of marine Archaea, particularly in regards to the nitrogen cycle during a eutrophic-driven hypoxic event. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 2 10:34:22 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 2 Apr 2019 14:34:22 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER: Meteorology MS Defense for Shannon Shields, Tuesday, April 2, 2019, 3:30 PM, LOV353 Message-ID: Meteorology Seminar Shannon Shields M.S. Meteorology Candidate Title: Interannual Variability of Tropical cyclone Potential Intensity and Lifetime Maximum Intensity: An Analysis of Influential Factors Major Professor: Dr. Allison Wing Date: April 2, 2019 Time: 3:30-5:00 PM Location: Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building) (Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 3:00 PM) ABSTRACT Many tropical cyclone studies have been conducted on basin-averaged potential intensity trends and the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on tropical cyclone intensity, but there is less research on along-track potential intensity (PI) and lifetime maximum intensity (referred to here as actual intensity or AI) and the factors that influence their variability. Potential intensity is a theory that predicts the maximum intensity that a tropical cyclone can achieve given certain large-scale environmental variables. Understanding interannual variability in PI and its relation to AI interannual variability is of great importance for assessing the impact of future climate conditions on tropical cyclones. Theoretically, warmer SSTs and cooler outflow temperatures would cause an increase in overall PI which in turn would lead to an increase in AI. This thesis examined the relationship between PI and AI on interannual time scales and the factors affecting PI variability: thermodynamic efficiency and air-sea enthalpy disequilibrium. Using best-track data and three reanalysis products, variability in PI and AI was examined for the North Atlantic, North Indian, South Indian, South Pacific, Eastern North Pacific, and Western North Pacific basins from 1980-2013. Overall, the Western North Pacific was the only basin that yielded high and consistently significant correlations between AI and PI. Despite the expectation from a previous study, the North Atlantic did not yield any significant correlations. Multiple tests were then conducted to determine the sensitivity of the North Atlantic correlations to different datasets and time periods. Ultimately, it was determined that the North Atlantic AI vs. PI correlation results were very dependent upon the time period and the individual years within the time period. In the comparison of all contributors, air-sea disequilibrium was the dominant contributor to PI variability. When AI variability was correlated with PI variability, disequilibrium (which is largely controlled by SSTs) was also the dominant contributor to AI variability. Although disequilibrium was the dominant factor in PI and AI interannual variability, efficiency also played a role. In fact, this study found that variances in efficiency explained 13-93% of PI interannual variability, indicating that variability in outflow temperatures (which cause much of the variability in efficiency) must be taken into account. Shel McGuire Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology) Tallahassee, FL 32306 850-644-8582 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 2 11:41:33 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 2 Apr 2019 15:41:33 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] EOAS Colloquium speaker Fri 3:30 CAR 101 Message-ID: Our speaker for the EOAS colloquium this week Fri Apr 5 at 3:30 in CAR 101 will be Dr. Hillary Close, Univ of Miami Title: Distinguishing the roles of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy in the ocean carbon cycle Abstract: The downward flux of organic matter in the ocean is a major carbon cycle component, contributing both to the sequestration of atmospheric carbon and to the diets of animals in the deep ocean. Microbial and metazoan heterotrophy are the major agents acting on organic matter to reduce its downward flux through the water column; both the intensity of heterotrophy at the ocean?s surface and the vertical distribution of heterotrophy beneath the surface help to control the ocean carbon budget. I will describe my recent work using natural variations in the stable isotopes of organic compounds to expose the varying net effects of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy on a range of particle sizes involved in vertical carbon flux. Using multiple simultaneous parameters from compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids, I will introduce a new classification system for the trophic history of detrital organic matter. Under this multivariate framework, I distinguish seasonal variability in the prevalence of zooplankton- versus microbially-altered detritus in the oligotrophic Pacific, and I identify evidence for the transfer of microbially-altered small particles into the higher food web at mesopelagic depths. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 2 11:47:47 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 2 Apr 2019 15:47:47 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Sarah Ellen Johnston - April 15, 9am - OSB 327 Message-ID: Oceanography Seminar Sarah Ellen Johnston Ph.D. Chemical Oceanography Candidate Title: Spatial and Temporal Drivers of Arctic and Boreal Dissolved Organic Matter Composition Across Latitudinal Gradients Major Professor: Dr. Rob Spencer Defense Date: April 15, 2019 Time: 9:00 AM Location: OSB 327 Abstract: Northern high-latitude regions are undergoing rapid changes as the Arctic warms at about twice the rate of mid-latitudes. Climate change is causing permafrost thaw, vegetation and hydrologic shifts, and the increased incidence of wildfire, all of which have major implications for regional and global carbon (C) cycling. In this study, I evaluate dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition across temporal and spatial gradients using chromophoric DOM (CDOM), the biomarker lignin phenol, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT- ICR MS). The goal of this dissertation was to improve spatial and temporal understanding of DOM composition and cycling across aquatic gradients by improving spatial (Chapter 1) and temporal (Chapter 2) coverage of DOM composition, and using space for time gradients to understand the seasonal and landscape scale controls on DOM composition in lakes and rivers (Chapters 3 and 4, respectively) and how they may change into the future. Finally, an overarching theme of these studies were the utilization of optical measurements to estimate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and DOM composition for future applications for in situ and remote sensing technology. By including an understudied, mid-sized watershed in pan-Arctic flux estimates as a model for the unsampled portion of the pan-Arctic watershed (i.e. not encompassed in the major six Arctic rivers from which historic estimates are extrapolated) DOC flux estimates were increased from 27 Tg C to 34 Tg C annually to the Arctic Ocean. Additionally, the residence time of lignin and thus terrestrial DOM was further constrained from previous studies to 0.5 to 1.8 years. This refinement of the pan-Arctic flux estimate and terrestrial DOM residence time is important for the accurate assessment of land-ocean C fluxes and their implications for future change. Temporal DOM dynamics were also evaluated in both rivers and lakes. Diel lake sampling revealed that seasonal variability accounted for the greatest changes in DOM composition and underscored the need to sample lakes seasonally while regular diel trends were not observed. Finally, using space for time transitions in both lakes and rivers the seasonal and landscape drivers of DOM composition were evaluated to allow future projections in a changing Arctic. In lakes that were relatively hydrologically disconnected there was lower CDOM compared to hydrologically connected lakes and a strong decoupling of DOC from CDOM. Further evidence showed that DOM in these lakes was driven by autochthony and that a future drier climate is unlikely to cause browning in these lakes as suggested by recent research. In rivers, where hydrologic connectivity is high, the watershed relief, soils and vegetation played an important role in determining DOM composition. Lower DOC yields and more aliphatic DOM were mobilized in watersheds underlain by continuous permafrost compared to discontinuous permafrost. Together these studies show the utility of space for time gradients to project future change and the use of CDOM parameters as a proxy for DOC concentration and DOM composition. Taken together these results allow us to make projections for boreal and arctic change, as well as allow future studies to improve spatial and temporal resolution via CDOM parameters. -- Sarah Ellen Johnston PhD Candidate Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science Florida State University Phone: 865-386-0141 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 3 10:40:38 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 3 Apr 2019 14:40:38 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER: Meteorology MS Defense for Allison Ronan, Wednesday, April 3, 2019, 1:00 PM, LOV353 Message-ID: Meteorology Seminar Allison Ronan M.S. Meteorology Candidate Title: HAVE IMPROVEMENTS IN OZONE AIR QUALITY BENEFITTED PLANTS? Major Professor: Dr. Christopher D. Holmes Date: April 3rd, 2019 Time: 1:00 PM Location: Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building) (Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 12:30 PM) ABSTRACT Surface ozone (O3) is a toxic air pollutant. In the United States and Europe, among other places, policies and technology have reduced emissions of O3 precursors the last couple decades. As a result, peak levels of O3, quantified by concentration metrics such as maximum daily average over 8 hours (MDA8), the accumulated O3 exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40), and W126 have fallen. Influential past studies have assumed that these improvements in AOT40 and W126 imply reductions in plant injury, even though it is widely recognized that O3 flux into leaves is a better predictor of plant at damage than ambient concentration in air. Concentration metrics remain widely used because O3 concentrations measurements are more common and because concentration and flux are correlated when the variability of stomatal conductance is limited. We use a new dataset of O3 flux into plants to quantify decadal trends in the cumulative uptake of O3 (CUO) into leaf stomata for the first time. We examine 32 sites in the United States and Europe over 2005-2014 and find that the AOT40 and W126 concentration metrics decreased at 25 and 28 sites, respectively, whereas CUO increased a majority of sites (18). The divergent trends are due to stomatal control of flux, which is shaped by environmental variability. As a result, there has been no widespread, clear improvement in CUO over 2005-2014 at the sites we can assess. We use several statistical tests to show that temporal trends and variability in CUO are uncorrelated with AOT40, W126, and mean concentration (R2 [cid:image001.png at 01D4EA09.ACA0C690] 0.15). Decreases in concentration metrics, therefore, give a falsely optimistic picture of the direction and magnitude of O3 impacts on vegetation. Because of this lack of relation between flux and concentration, flux metrics should be preferred over concentration metrics in assessments of plant injury from O3. GEOS-Chem is a 3-D global atmospheric chemistry model that uses meteorological input to simulate atmospheric composition. We evaluate the model's ability to estimate O3 deposition velocity ([cid:image002.png at 01D4EA09.ACA0C690]) by running a simulation during the same period as the surface O3 trend analysis. By comparing monthly output of [cid:image002.png at 01D4EA09.ACA0C690] from GEOS-Chem to our observations using the SynFlux dataset, we find that GEOS-Chem consistently underestimates [cid:image002.png at 01D4EA09.ACA0C690] . The degree of the underestimation depends on the land class type as well as the time of year. We attempt to improve the model output by prescribing the land class type within the model to match the plant functional types at the FLUXNET sites. This did not lead to a significant improvement and in many cases, this led to a wider gap between the model and observations. We discuss possible reasons for the discrepancy between the model and observations. Improving [cid:image002.png at 01D4EA09.ACA0C690] in the model would better estimate dry deposition of O3, which is important for simulating air quality and its impacts to humans and plants. Shel McGuire Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology) Tallahassee, FL 32306 850-644-8582 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... 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Name: image001.png Type: image/png Size: 463685 bytes Desc: image001.png URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 4 11:15:27 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 4 Apr 2019 15:15:27 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] GFDI Colloquium on Monday, APRIL 22, at 11:00AM in Melvin Stern Seminar Room, #18 Keen Building Message-ID: &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & GFDI COLLOQUIUM & &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Title ?Discovery mathematical models from experimental data" Speaker Dr. Alessandro Alla Department of Mathematics PUC-Rio, Brazil Time and Place 11:00AM, Monday, April 22, 2019 Melvin Stern Seminar/Reading Room 18 Keen Building Refreshments will be served at 10:30AM ABSTRACT: In this talk, we will present two recent techniques to discover mathematical models from data using machine learning techniques. In the first part of the talk, we advocate the use of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), an equation-free method, to approximate the data with a linear model. DMD is a spatio-temporal matrix decomposition of a data matrix that correlates spatial features while simultaneously associating the activity with periodic temporal behavior. With this decomposition, one can obtain a reduced dimensional surrogate model and use for future state predictions or extrapolate missing information from the data. In the second part, we address the problem of discovering nonlinear ODEs and PDEs from data. We will show that we can recover the mathematical problem by means of sparse optimization methods such as LASSO and RIDGE regression. Examples and applications of the methods will be showed during the talk. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: 2019-04-22 Alessandro_Alla.doc Type: application/msword Size: 318464 bytes Desc: 2019-04-22 Alessandro_Alla.doc URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 4 14:34:57 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 4 Apr 2019 18:34:57 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Geology Thesis Defense - Emily Benayoun - April 5, 9am - CAR104 Message-ID: Title: Investigation of changes in paleoceanographic redox state as a driver for early Silurian extinction events using multiple geochemical proxies in the Baltic Basin Major Professor: Seth Young -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 4 16:03:07 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 4 Apr 2019 20:03:07 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] EOAS Seminar: Planning for the Next Step in Your Life, 3:30 PM, Thurs, 11 April, 101 CAR Message-ID: EOAS Seminar: Planning for the Next Step in Your Life Audience: All EOAS undergraduates (including freshmen), graduate students, and post-docs All EOAS faculty are also invited to help answer questions. When: 3:30 PM, Thursday, 11 April 2019 Where: 101 Carroway Abstract: Representatives from the various branches of our department will be joined by Ms. Krystle Graham, FSU Career Center liaison for the sciences, to help you plan the next stage of your life, whether that involves internships, graduate study, or jobs. Bring your questions! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 4 16:58:36 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 4 Apr 2019 20:58:36 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] PhD dissertation defense, John Kaba, Friday, 12 April 2019, 12 pm, Room 327 OSB Message-ID: PhD dissertation defense, John Kaba, Friday, 12 April 2019, 12 pm, Room 327 OSB. "Fate of MC252 crude oil from the Deepwater Horizon accident in northern Gulf of Mexico permeable sandy beaches" An estimated 150,000 barrels of crude oil impacted the Gulf of Mexico shores from East Texas to the Western Florida Panhandle after the Deepwater Horizon accident in spring 2010. Nearly half of this coastline is comprised of sandy beaches. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate the fate of MC252 crude oil in the permeable beach sediments. Oiled beach sediment layers had significantly higher carbon dioxide production and oxygen consumption rates compared to layers with no visible contamination revealing aerobic microbial decomposition of the buried oil. Warmer summer beach temperatures caused a 4-fold increase in degradation rates over rates at winter temperatures. Sediment-oil-agglomerates in the swash zone were rapidly disintegrated within 24 hours by the mechanical stress of wave action, thereby enhancing the specific surface area of oiled material and biodegradation. Oxygen consumption rates of sediment containing weathered crude oil scaled with pore water flows through the permeable beach sand. This research revealed the roles of microbial activity, temperature and mechanical stress on the degradation of Deepwater Horizon oil in Gulf of Mexico sandy beaches. The high-energy warm beach environment and its highly permeable sands facilitated a relatively rapid degradation of the oil. Markus Huettel Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University 117 N Woodward Ave. P.O. Box 3064320 Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4320 USA Phone: (850) 645-1394 Fax: (850) 644-2581 Email: mhuettel at fsu.edu Website: http://myweb.fsu.edu/mhuettel/ -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Kaba1.pdf Type: application/pdf Size: 426672 bytes Desc: Kaba1.pdf URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 5 09:59:50 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 5 Apr 2019 13:59:50 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER TODAY: Fwd: EOAS Colloquium speaker Fri 3:30 CAR 101 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Our speaker for the EOAS colloquium TODAY Fri Apr 5 at 3:30 in CAR 101 will be Dr. Hillary Close, Univ of Miami Title: Distinguishing the roles of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy in the ocean carbon cycle Abstract: The downward flux of organic matter in the ocean is a major carbon cycle component, contributing both to the sequestration of atmospheric carbon and to the diets of animals in the deep ocean. Microbial and metazoan heterotrophy are the major agents acting on organic matter to reduce its downward flux through the water column; both the intensity of heterotrophy at the ocean?s surface and the vertical distribution of heterotrophy beneath the surface help to control the ocean carbon budget. I will describe my recent work using natural variations in the stable isotopes of organic compounds to expose the varying net effects of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy on a range of particle sizes involved in vertical carbon flux. Using multiple simultaneous parameters from compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids, I will introduce a new classification system for the trophic history of detrital organic matter. Under this multivariate framework, I distinguish seasonal variability in the prevalence of zooplankton- versus microbially-altered detritus in the oligotrophic Pacific, and I identify evidence for the transfer of microbially-altered small particles into the higher food web at mesopelagic depths. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 5 10:50:58 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 5 Apr 2019 14:50:58 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Geology Thesis Defense - Terryl Bandy - April 8, 9am - 104CAR Message-ID: Title: Environmental Controls on Organic Carbon Productivity in the Midland Basin Major Professor: Jeremy Owens -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 5 11:03:45 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 5 Apr 2019 15:03:45 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Speakers for 2019-2020 Colloquium Message-ID: Hi Everyone, The colloquium committee is putting together the plan for speakers for the 2019-2020 academic year.? If you would like to recommend a speaker, please email the colloquium committee, Amy Baco-Taylor??? abacotaylor at fsu.edu, Zhoahua Wu zwu at fsu.edu, and Jeremy Owens jdowens at fsu.edu.? We are also open to suggestions for improvements to the colloquium. Thanks, Amy From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Sat Apr 6 12:29:57 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Sat, 6 Apr 2019 12:29:57 -0400 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Sarah Simm Honors thesis defense Message-ID: I?m pleased to announce that Sarah Simm (Environmental Science & Policy) is defending her Honors in the Major undergraduate research thesis, Friday, April 12, CAR 104 at 1 pm. Title: A Clean Energy Plan for the City of Tallahassee 100% Renewable Energy Goal Abstract: In 2017, the City Commission of Tallahassee voted to adopt the US Conference of Mayors proclamation to move the city?s energy to 100% Renewable Energy by 2035. In this thesis, the potential sources of renewable energy for Tallahassee are reviewed, and solar photovoltaic cells (PV) is found to be effectively the only source. Current renewable energy sources for the transportation sector were modeled to be entirely based on switching the vehicle fleet to electric vehicles (EVs) which increased the electrical demand by about 30%. The infrastructure costs of solar PV are anticipated to be large, perhaps prohibitive, which could limit the city in attaining its renewable energy goals. The costs associated with installing utility-scale solar PV sufficient to displace the entire electrical energy demand of the city is examined. Three scenarios for the rate of PV installation were examined: (1) a linear installation rate of 90 MW-DC/year; (2) an exponential rate of installation; (3) a constant spending rate of $32M/year, that all yielded sufficient energy to displace all projected natural gas electricity production. The key assumption proved to be the projection algorithm for the future costs of solar PV panels which was taken to be an exponential function with a seven-year e-folding time. Each of the scenarios explored yielded substantial fiscal savings by displacing the natural gas fuel cost of the existing generation capacity. Increasing the entire costs of solar PV by a factor of two still yielded a long-term savings for the city. Land costs for installing sufficient utility-scale solar PV were found to add an additional 10% to the total costs. Strategies that the city could adopt to further reduce costs, like encouraging rooftop solar, solar water heating, home batteries, etc., are examined and could reduce costs by about a third. All scenarios led to a substantial integrated CO2 emissions reduction of about 50% relative to a business-as-usual scenario. Post-2035, CO2 emissions are zero, and the lower operating costs of solar PV results in long-term fiscal viability of the the 100% Renewable Energy goal. The impact of the city?s recently adopted 100% Renewable Energy by 2050 goal is assessed. Munir Humayun Professor Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science & National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee, FL32310 (850) 644-1908 (850) 644-0827 (FAX) -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 8 10:10:29 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2019 14:10:29 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] No Seminar Friday - Fac mtg Message-ID: There will be no EOAS colloquium this Friday due to the faculty meeting. From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 9 13:04:24 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 9 Apr 2019 17:04:24 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] PhD dissertation defense, Alireza Merikhi, April, 17, 2019, 2:30 pm, Room CSL 1003 Message-ID: PhD dissertation defense, Alireza Merikhi, April, 17, 2019, 2:30 pm, Room CSL 1003 Major Professor: Markus Huettel Carbonate sands are an integral part of coral reef environments but their role in the cycling of matter in the reef is understudied. Here a novel aquatic eddy covariance instrument was used in a Florida coral reef sand flat to quantify benthic oxygen fluxes as proxy for benthic metabolism. The non-invasive measurements characterize the carbonate sands as sites of intensive organic matter production and consumption and underline their dependency on key environmental drivers such as light, water current velocity, and significant wave height. The positive response to light and increasing light intensity revealed significant benthic primary production with large temporal dynamics at ~9 m water depth. The oxygen fluxes reveal permeable coral reef carbonate sands as sites of intensive primary production and benthic mineralization underlining their role in the reef as hotspots of benthic carbon cycling. Markus Huettel Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University 117 N Woodward Ave. P.O. Box 3064320 Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4320 USA Phone: (850) 645-1394 Fax: (850) 644-2581 Email: mhuettel at fsu.edu Website: http://myweb.fsu.edu/mhuettel/ -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Ali flyer.pdf Type: application/pdf Size: 502131 bytes Desc: Ali flyer.pdf URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 10 09:01:24 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2019 13:01:24 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Oceanography Thesis Defense - Taylor Shropshire - April 17, 11am - 327OSB Message-ID: Title: ESTIMATING SPATIOTEMPORAL ZOOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE VARIABILITY IN THE GULF OF MEXICO USING A PHYSICAL-BIOGEOCHEMICAL MODEL Major Professor: Mike Stukel and Eric Chassignet Abstract: Zooplankton play an important role in global biogeochemistry and their secondary production supports valuable fisheries of the world's oceans. Coupled physical-biogeochemical models (PBMs) provide a unique oceanographic research tool for studying zooplankton on basin and global scales since zooplankton cannot currently be estimated using remote sensing techniques. However, evaluating the accuracy of zooplankton abundance estimates from PBMs has been a major challenge as a result of sparse ship-based observations. Consequently, zooplankton dynamics have been under studied and under validated in PBMs. In this study, we configure a PBM for the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and validate simulated zooplankton fields against an extensive combination of in situ biomass and rate measurements. We find that spatial variability in mesozooplankton biomass observed in a multi-decadal database for the northern GoM is well resolved by the model with a statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation of 0.74. In terms of community composition, the model estimates that large zooplankton (LZ) and predatory zooplankton (PZ) functional groups makes up approximately 40% and 60% of the simulated mesozooplankton biomass respectively, which is further supported by ship-based measurements. Model results of LZ dietary composition suggests that herbivory is the dominate feeding pathway whereas PZ dietary composition is largely carnivorous. Dietary composition is found to be less binary in the oligotrophic GoM where LZ and PZ feed on a combination of phytoplankton and zooplankton. We hypothesize that already low mesozooplankton biomass in the oligotrophic Gulf (~0.04 mmol N m-3) may become further reduced in the future with important impacts on food availability for higher planktivorous trophic levels such as pelagic larval fish. Such reductions could be expected from increases in thermal stratification as a result of a warming ocean and ensuing increases in bottom-up ecosystem limitation. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 10 13:55:16 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2019 17:55:16 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Emily Daily - Honor's in the Major Defense Message-ID: Honors in the Major Defense Emily Dailey B.S. Environmental Science Candidate Title: Setting a baseline: interannual variability of carbonate parameters in the western South Pacific Major Professor: Dr. Mariana Fuentes Date: April 17th, 2019 Time: 10 AM Location: OSB 433 ABSTRACT Surface water samples collected in the western South Pacific Ocean in the austral fall of 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, were used to characterize the variability of carbonate parameters in the region and to identify mechanisms that may have impacted these parameters over interannual timescales. The South Pacific Subtropical Gyre stayed fairly constant with regard to its carbonate parameters over 2015-2018. The Chatham Rise and Subtropical Front regions to the east of New Zealand experienced slight increases in temperature and pH over the entire period. Between 2015 and 2016, and between 2017 and 2018, there were significant decreases in total alkalinity. Calcite and aragonite saturation state were also evaluated and were found to increase over the four-year study period. Based on sensitivity test study results, changes in pH and total alkalinity impacted calcite and aragonite state most significantly. Therefore, we hypothesize that there was a large amount of NO3?supported photosynthesis by calcifying phytoplankton, specifically, the coccolith, E. Huxleyi, a species prolific in this region. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 10 23:01:33 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2019 03:01:33 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] EOAS Seminar: Planning for the Next Step in Your Life, 3:30 PM, Thurs, 11 April, 101 CAR In-Reply-To: <82de1064-2794-66a7-ad90-3e8f0980de51@fsu.edu> References: <82de1064-2794-66a7-ad90-3e8f0980de51@fsu.edu> Message-ID: Bring your job hunting or grad school questions! On 4/4/2019 4:03 PM, Jon Ahlquist wrote: EOAS Seminar: Planning for the Next Step in Your Life Audience: All EOAS undergraduates (including freshmen), graduate students, and post-docs All EOAS faculty are also invited to help answer questions. When: 3:30 PM, Thursday, 11 April 2019 Where: 101 Carroway Abstract: Representatives from the various branches of our department will be joined by Ms. Krystle Graham, FSU Career Center liaison for the sciences, to help you plan the next stage of your life, whether that involves internships, graduate study, or jobs. Bring your questions! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 10 14:32:52 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2019 18:32:52 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Correction! Emily Dailey Honor's in the Major Defense Message-ID: Honors in the Major Defense Emily Dailey B.S. Environmental Science Candidate Title: Setting a baseline: interannual variability of carbonate parameters in the western South Pacific Major Professor: Dr. Angela Knapp Date: April 17th, 2019 Time: 10 AM Location: OSB 433 ABSTRACT Surface water samples collected in the western South Pacific Ocean in the austral fall of 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, were used to characterize the variability of carbonate parameters in the region and to identify mechanisms that may have impacted these parameters over interannual timescales. The South Pacific Subtropical Gyre stayed fairly constant with regard to its carbonate parameters over 2015-2018. The Chatham Rise and Subtropical Front regions to the east of New Zealand experienced slight increases in temperature and pH over the entire period. Between 2015 and 2016, and between 2017 and 2018, there were significant decreases in total alkalinity. Calcite and aragonite saturation state were also evaluated and were found to increase over the four-year study period. Based on sensitivity test study results, changes in pH and total alkalinity impacted calcite and aragonite state most significantly. Therefore, we hypothesize that there was a large amount of NO3?supported photosynthesis by calcifying phytoplankton, specifically, the coccolith, E. Huxleyi, a species prolific in this region. Tim McGann Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Dept. of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 111 Carraway Bldg. (Geology) Tallahassee, FL 32306-4100 1-850-644-8580 www.eoas.fsu.edu www.fsu.edu -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 11 09:14:03 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2019 13:14:03 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: PhD dissertation defense, John Kaba, Friday, 12 April 2019, 12 pm, Room 327 OSB Message-ID: PhD dissertation defense, John Kaba, Friday, 12 April 2019, 12 pm, Room 327 OSB. Major Professor: Markus Huettel "Fate of MC252 crude oil from the Deepwater Horizon accident in northern Gulf of Mexico permeable sandy beaches" Abstract: An estimated 150,000 barrels of crude oil impacted the Gulf of Mexico shores from East Texas to the Western Florida Panhandle after the Deepwater Horizon accident in spring 2010. Nearly half of this coastline is comprised of sandy beaches. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate the fate of MC252 crude oil in the permeable beach sediments. Oiled beach sediment layers had significantly higher carbon dioxide production and oxygen consumption rates compared to layers with no visible contamination revealing aerobic microbial decomposition of the buried oil. Warmer summer beach temperatures caused a 4-fold increase in degradation rates over rates at winter temperatures. Sediment-oil-agglomerates in the swash zone were rapidly disintegrated within 24 hours by the mechanical stress of wave action, thereby enhancing the specific surface area of oiled material and biodegradation. Oxygen consumption rates of sediment containing weathered crude oil scaled with pore water flows through the permeable beach sand. This research revealed the roles of microbial activity, temperature and mechanical stress on the degradation of Deepwater Horizon oil in Gulf of Mexico sandy beaches. The high-energy warm beach environment and its highly permeable sands facilitated a relatively rapid degradation of the oil. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Kaba1.pdf Type: application/pdf Size: 426672 bytes Desc: Kaba1.pdf URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 11 21:39:56 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2019 21:39:56 -0400 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Sarah Simm Honors in the Major defense Message-ID: I?m pleased to announce that Sarah Simm (Environmental Science & Policy) is defending her Honors in the Major undergraduate research thesis, Friday, April 12, CAR 104 at 1 pm. Title: A Clean Energy Plan for the City of Tallahassee 100% Renewable Energy Goal Abstract: In 2017, the City Commission of Tallahassee voted to adopt the US Conference of Mayors proclamation to move the city?s energy to 100% Renewable Energy by 2035. In this thesis, the potential sources of renewable energy for Tallahassee are reviewed, and solar photovoltaic cells (PV) is found to be effectively the only source. Current renewable energy sources for the transportation sector were modeled to be entirely based on switching the vehicle fleet to electric vehicles (EVs) which increased the electrical demand by about 30%. The infrastructure costs of solar PV are anticipated to be large, perhaps prohibitive, which could limit the city in attaining its renewable energy goals. The costs associated with installing utility-scale solar PV sufficient to displace the entire electrical energy demand of the city is examined. Three scenarios for the rate of PV installation were examined: (1) a linear installation rate of 90 MW-DC/year; (2) an exponential rate of installation; (3) a constant spending rate of $32M/year, that all yielded sufficient energy to displace all projected natural gas electricity production. The key assumption proved to be the projection algorithm for the future costs of solar PV panels which was taken to be an exponential function with a seven-year e-folding time. Each of the scenarios explored yielded substantial fiscal savings by displacing the natural gas fuel cost of the existing generation capacity. Increasing the entire costs of solar PV by a factor of two still yielded a long-term savings for the city. Land costs for installing sufficient utility-scale solar PV were found to add an additional 10% to the total costs. Strategies that the city could adopt to further reduce costs, like encouraging rooftop solar, solar water heating, home batteries, etc., are examined and could reduce costs by about a third. All scenarios led to a substantial integrated CO2 emissions reduction of about 50% relative to a business-as-usual scenario. Post-2035, CO2 emissions are zero, and the lower operating costs of solar PV results in long-term fiscal viability of the the 100% Renewable Energy goal. The impact of the city?s recently adopted 100% Renewable Energy by 2050 goal is assessed. Munir Humayun Professor Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science & National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee, FL32310 (850) 644-1908 (850) 644-0827 (FAX) -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 12 10:07:46 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 14:07:46 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Sarah Ellen Johnston - April 15, 9am Room change to CSL1003 Message-ID: *Note room change* Oceanography Seminar Sarah Ellen Johnston Ph.D. Chemical Oceanography Candidate Title: Spatial and Temporal Drivers of Arctic and Boreal Dissolved Organic Matter Composition Across Latitudinal Gradients Major Professor: Dr. Rob Spencer Defense Date: April 15, 2019 Time: 9:00 AM Location: CSL1003 Chemistry Auditorium Abstract: Northern high-latitude regions are undergoing rapid changes as the Arctic warms at about twice the rate of mid-latitudes. Climate change is causing permafrost thaw, vegetation and hydrologic shifts, and the increased incidence of wildfire, all of which have major implications for regional and global carbon (C) cycling. In this study, I evaluate dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition across temporal and spatial gradients using chromophoric DOM (CDOM), the biomarker lignin phenol, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT- ICR MS). The goal of this dissertation was to improve spatial and temporal understanding of DOM composition and cycling across aquatic gradients by improving spatial (Chapter 1) and temporal (Chapter 2) coverage of DOM composition, and using space for time gradients to understand the seasonal and landscape scale controls on DOM composition in lakes and rivers (Chapters 3 and 4, respectively) and how they may change into the future. Finally, an overarching theme of these studies were the utilization of optical measurements to estimate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and DOM composition for future applications for in situ and remote sensing technology. By including an understudied, mid-sized watershed in pan-Arctic flux estimates as a model for the unsampled portion of the pan-Arctic watershed (i.e. not encompassed in the major six Arctic rivers from which historic estimates are extrapolated) DOC flux estimates were increased from 27 Tg C to 34 Tg C annually to the Arctic Ocean. Additionally, the residence time of lignin and thus terrestrial DOM was further constrained from previous studies to 0.5 to 1.8 years. This refinement of the pan-Arctic flux estimate and terrestrial DOM residence time is important for the accurate assessment of land-ocean C fluxes and their implications for future change. Temporal DOM dynamics were also evaluated in both rivers and lakes. Diel lake sampling revealed that seasonal variability accounted for the greatest changes in DOM composition and underscored the need to sample lakes seasonally while regular diel trends were not observed. Finally, using space for time transitions in both lakes and rivers the seasonal and landscape drivers of DOM composition were evaluated to allow future projections in a changing Arctic. In lakes that were relatively hydrologically disconnected there was lower CDOM compared to hydrologically connected lakes and a strong decoupling of DOC from CDOM. Further evidence showed that DOM in these lakes was driven by autochthony and that a future drier climate is unlikely to cause browning in these lakes as suggested by recent research. In rivers, where hydrologic connectivity is high, the watershed relief, soils and vegetation played an important role in determining DOM composition. Lower DOC yields and more aliphatic DOM were mobilized in watersheds underlain by continuous permafrost compared to discontinuous permafrost. Together these studies show the utility of space for time gradients to project future change and the use of CDOM parameters as a proxy for DOC concentration and DOM composition. Taken together these results allow us to make projections for boreal and arctic change, as well as allow future studies to improve spatial and temporal resolution via CDOM parameters. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 15 08:38:04 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2019 12:38:04 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Today - Oceanography Dissertation Defense - Sarah Ellen Johnston - April 15, 9am Room change to CSL1003 Message-ID: *Note room change* Oceanography Seminar Sarah Ellen Johnston Ph.D. Chemical Oceanography Candidate Title: Spatial and Temporal Drivers of Arctic and Boreal Dissolved Organic Matter Composition Across Latitudinal Gradients Major Professor: Dr. Rob Spencer Defense Date: April 15, 2019 Time: 9:00 AM Location: CSL1003 Chemistry Auditorium Abstract: Northern high-latitude regions are undergoing rapid changes as the Arctic warms at about twice the rate of mid-latitudes. Climate change is causing permafrost thaw, vegetation and hydrologic shifts, and the increased incidence of wildfire, all of which have major implications for regional and global carbon (C) cycling. In this study, I evaluate dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition across temporal and spatial gradients using chromophoric DOM (CDOM), the biomarker lignin phenol, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT- ICR MS). The goal of this dissertation was to improve spatial and temporal understanding of DOM composition and cycling across aquatic gradients by improving spatial (Chapter 1) and temporal (Chapter 2) coverage of DOM composition, and using space for time gradients to understand the seasonal and landscape scale controls on DOM composition in lakes and rivers (Chapters 3 and 4, respectively) and how they may change into the future. Finally, an overarching theme of these studies were the utilization of optical measurements to estimate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and DOM composition for future applications for in situ and remote sensing technology. By including an understudied, mid-sized watershed in pan-Arctic flux estimates as a model for the unsampled portion of the pan-Arctic watershed (i.e. not encompassed in the major six Arctic rivers from which historic estimates are extrapolated) DOC flux estimates were increased from 27 Tg C to 34 Tg C annually to the Arctic Ocean. Additionally, the residence time of lignin and thus terrestrial DOM was further constrained from previous studies to 0.5 to 1.8 years. This refinement of the pan-Arctic flux estimate and terrestrial DOM residence time is important for the accurate assessment of land-ocean C fluxes and their implications for future change. Temporal DOM dynamics were also evaluated in both rivers and lakes. Diel lake sampling revealed that seasonal variability accounted for the greatest changes in DOM composition and underscored the need to sample lakes seasonally while regular diel trends were not observed. Finally, using space for time transitions in both lakes and rivers the seasonal and landscape drivers of DOM composition were evaluated to allow future projections in a changing Arctic. In lakes that were relatively hydrologically disconnected there was lower CDOM compared to hydrologically connected lakes and a strong decoupling of DOC from CDOM. Further evidence showed that DOM in these lakes was driven by autochthony and that a future drier climate is unlikely to cause browning in these lakes as suggested by recent research. In rivers, where hydrologic connectivity is high, the watershed relief, soils and vegetation played an important role in determining DOM composition. Lower DOC yields and more aliphatic DOM were mobilized in watersheds underlain by continuous permafrost compared to discontinuous permafrost. Together these studies show the utility of space for time gradients to project future change and the use of CDOM parameters as a proxy for DOC concentration and DOM composition. Taken together these results allow us to make projections for boreal and arctic change, as well as allow future studies to improve spatial and temporal resolution via CDOM parameters. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 15 10:06:26 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2019 14:06:26 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] EOAS Colloquium speaker this Friday Apr 19 at 3:30 in CAR 101 Message-ID: Our EOAS Colloquium speaker this week Fri at 3:30 in CAR 101 is Dr. David Johnston of Harvard University. The title of his talk is: Reconstructing Phanerozoic O2 using the oxygen isotope composition of marine sulfate Reconstructing the composition of ancient atmospheres is a challenging, yet central goal of Earth History research. About a decade ago, it was suggested that the minor oxygen isotope composition of marine sulfate minerals could accomplish just such a task. More specifically, the oxygen isotope depletion in sulfate was posited to quantitatively scale to the ratio of O2 to CO2 in the atmosphere at the time of deposition. In this seminar, we will use modern river systems, microbial studies, and the composition of the present day ocean as a guide to further refine and develop this proxy. This will be done in the context of developing an empirical record of Phanerozoic O2. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 16 14:27:37 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 16 Apr 2019 18:27:37 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] GFDI Colloquium on Monday, APRIL 22, at 11:00AM in Melvin Stern Seminar Room, #18 Keen Building In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & GFDI COLLOQUIUM & &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Title ?Discovery mathematical models from experimental data" Speaker Dr. Alessandro Alla Department of Mathematics PUC-Rio, Brazil Time and Place 11:00AM, Monday, April 22, 2019 Melvin Stern Seminar/Reading Room 18 Keen Building Refreshments will be served at 10:30AM ABSTRACT: In this talk, we will present two recent techniques to discover mathematical models from data using machine learning techniques. In the first part of the talk, we advocate the use of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), an equation-free method, to approximate the data with a linear model. DMD is a spatio-temporal matrix decomposition of a data matrix that correlates spatial features while simultaneously associating the activity with periodic temporal behavior. With this decomposition, one can obtain a reduced dimensional surrogate model and use for future state predictions or extrapolate missing information from the data. In the second part, we address the problem of discovering nonlinear ODEs and PDEs from data. We will show that we can recover the mathematical problem by means of sparse optimization methods such as LASSO and RIDGE regression. Examples and applications of the methods will be showed during the talk. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 17 08:36:45 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2019 12:36:45 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: Oceanography Thesis Defense - Taylor Shropshire - April 17, 11am - 327OSB Message-ID: Title: ESTIMATING SPATIOTEMPORAL ZOOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE VARIABILITY IN THE GULF OF MEXICO USING A PHYSICAL-BIOGEOCHEMICAL MODEL Major Professor: Mike Stukel and Eric Chassignet Abstract: Zooplankton play an important role in global biogeochemistry and their secondary production supports valuable fisheries of the world's oceans. Coupled physical-biogeochemical models (PBMs) provide a unique oceanographic research tool for studying zooplankton on basin and global scales since zooplankton cannot currently be estimated using remote sensing techniques. However, evaluating the accuracy of zooplankton abundance estimates from PBMs has been a major challenge as a result of sparse ship-based observations. Consequently, zooplankton dynamics have been under studied and under validated in PBMs. In this study, we configure a PBM for the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and validate simulated zooplankton fields against an extensive combination of in situ biomass and rate measurements. We find that spatial variability in mesozooplankton biomass observed in a multi-decadal database for the northern GoM is well resolved by the model with a statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation of 0.74. In terms of community composition, the model estimates that large zooplankton (LZ) and predatory zooplankton (PZ) functional groups makes up approximately 40% and 60% of the simulated mesozooplankton biomass respectively, which is further supported by ship-based measurements. Model results of LZ dietary composition suggests that herbivory is the dominate feeding pathway whereas PZ dietary composition is largely carnivorous. Dietary composition is found to be less binary in the oligotrophic GoM where LZ and PZ feed on a combination of phytoplankton and zooplankton. We hypothesize that already low mesozooplankton biomass in the oligotrophic Gulf (~0.04 mmol N m-3) may become further reduced in the future with important impacts on food availability for higher planktivorous trophic levels such as pelagic larval fish. Such reductions could be expected from increases in thermal stratification as a result of a warming ocean and ensuing increases in bottom-up ecosystem limitation. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 17 08:38:41 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2019 12:38:41 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Reminder: PhD dissertation defense, Alireza Merikhi, April, 17, 2019, 2:30 pm, Room CSL 1003 Message-ID: PhD dissertation defense, Alireza Merikhi, April, 17, 2019, 2:30 pm, Room CSL 1003 Major Professor: Markus Huettel Carbonate sands are an integral part of coral reef environments but their role in the cycling of matter in the reef is understudied. Here a novel aquatic eddy covariance instrument was used in a Florida coral reef sand flat to quantify benthic oxygen fluxes as proxy for benthic metabolism. The non-invasive measurements characterize the carbonate sands as sites of intensive organic matter production and consumption and underline their dependency on key environmental drivers such as light, water current velocity, and significant wave height. The positive response to light and increasing light intensity revealed significant benthic primary production with large temporal dynamics at ~9 m water depth. The oxygen fluxes reveal permeable coral reef carbonate sands as sites of intensive primary production and benthic mineralization underlining their role in the reef as hotspots of benthic carbon cycling. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Ali flyer.pdf Type: application/pdf Size: 502131 bytes Desc: Ali flyer.pdf URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Wed Apr 17 11:59:12 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2019 11:59:12 -0400 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Jaime Rubel MS AQES project presentation Message-ID: Jaime Rubel MS AQES project presentation tuesday April 23 OSB 433 @ 10:30 A Comparison of Business Models of three Florida Aquariums -- jeff chanton Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, EOAS, Rm 404 Love Bldg Mail Code 4520 Florida State University 1017 Academic Way Tallahassee, FL 32306 -4520 850-644-7493 "We must forcefully reject the notion that our being created in God's image and given dominion over the earth justifies absolute domination over other creatures. The Bible has no place for a tyrannical anthropocentricism." Pope Francis. The ocean is a desert with its life underground and the perfect disguise above. America, 1972 Germanicus?s way was always to refuse to think evil of any person until positive proof of such evil should be forced on him, and, on the contrary, to credit everyone with the highest motives. This extreme simplicity was generally of service to him. Most people with whom he came in contact were flattered by his high estimate of their moral character and tended in their dealing with him to live up to it. If he were ever to find himself at the mercy of a downright wicked character, this generosity of heart would of course be his undoing; but on the other hand, if any man had good in him Germanicus always seemed to bring it out. Robert Graves. From I, Claudius, the biography of Tiberius Claudius -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 19 09:10:55 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 19 Apr 2019 13:10:55 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Geology Prospectus Defense - Daniel Govert - May 2, 10a - 104CAR Message-ID: Title: Investigating the role of marine redox conditions in an early Silurian mass extinction (Ireviken Event): A deeper water perspective Major Professor: Seth Young -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 19 11:21:38 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 19 Apr 2019 15:21:38 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] ****REMINDER**MONDAY** GFDI Colloquium on Monday, APRIL 22, at 11:00AM in Melvin Stern Seminar Room, #18 Keen Building In-Reply-To: References: , Message-ID: ********REMINDER**********REMINDER******MONDAY, APRIL 22 at 11:00AM************ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & GFDI COLLOQUIUM & &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Title ?Discovery mathematical models from experimental data" Speaker Dr. Alessandro Alla Department of Mathematics PUC-Rio, Brazil Time and Place 11:00AM, Monday, April 22, 2019 Melvin Stern Seminar/Reading Room 18 Keen Building Refreshments will be served at 10:30AM ABSTRACT: In this talk, we will present two recent techniques to discover mathematical models from data using machine learning techniques. In the first part of the talk, we advocate the use of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), an equation-free method, to approximate the data with a linear model. DMD is a spatio-temporal matrix decomposition of a data matrix that correlates spatial features while simultaneously associating the activity with periodic temporal behavior. With this decomposition, one can obtain a reduced dimensional surrogate model and use for future state predictions or extrapolate missing information from the data. In the second part, we address the problem of discovering nonlinear ODEs and PDEs from data. We will show that we can recover the mathematical problem by means of sparse optimization methods such as LASSO and RIDGE regression. Examples and applications of the methods will be showed during the talk. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 19 12:50:19 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 19 Apr 2019 16:50:19 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER TODAY Fwd: EOAS Colloquium speaker this Friday Apr 19 at 3:30 in CAR 101 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Our EOAS Colloquium speaker TODAY at 3:30 in CAR 101 is Dr. David Johnston of Harvard University. The title of his talk is: Reconstructing Phanerozoic O2 using the oxygen isotope composition of marine sulfate Reconstructing the composition of ancient atmospheres is a challenging, yet central goal of Earth History research. About a decade ago, it was suggested that the minor oxygen isotope composition of marine sulfate minerals could accomplish just such a task. More specifically, the oxygen isotope depletion in sulfate was posited to quantitatively scale to the ratio of O2 to CO2 in the atmosphere at the time of deposition. In this seminar, we will use modern river systems, microbial studies, and the composition of the present day ocean as a guide to further refine and develop this proxy. This will be done in the context of developing an empirical record of Phanerozoic O2. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 22 10:07:10 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 14:07:10 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Last EOAS Colloquium speaker of 2018-2019 this Fri 3:30 in CAR 101 Message-ID: Our last speaker of the 2018-2019 EOAS Colloquium series will be this Fri at 3:30 in CAR 101: Dr Jim Gill of UC Santa Cruz Melting bi-lithologic mantle at an enriched mid-ocean ridge unrelated to a plume: at high spatial and temporal resolution Mantle melting beneath mid-ocean ridges can occur in discrete batches at century scale, and the melt batches can differentiate quickly in largely closed systems within the crust. These conclusions result from high-resolution mapping, sampling, dating, and tephra stratigraphy of basalts at the Endeavour segment of the intermediate rate Juan de Fuca Ridge. Chemically diverse basalts erupted within hundreds of meters of one another, and hundreds of years apart. Because they differ by factors of 5 in K2O/TiO2 and 3 in Nb/Zr, their major and trace elements and isotope define several basalt types and stratigraphic units. Ratios of highly incompatible trace elements, and radiogenic isotopes, are typical of MORB globally and define binary mixing trends. However, ratios of moderately incompatible elements such as La/Sm and K/Ti define two separate mixing trends relative to Pb and Hf isotopes. These element ratios are higher relative to isotope ratios when the ridge axis was inflated from 25 to 4 ka, and lower after a graben formed ~2.3 ka. Th/U and excess 230Th also increased after graben formation. These changes are interpreted as a result of a greater degree and rate of melting of a mafic (?pyroxenitic?) component during the earlier, inflated period. Although magma mixing in the mantle or in crustal melt lenses would be required to relate all the Endeavour basalts to single source, closed system fractional crystallization at about the depth of the seismically observed melt lens can explain magma evolution within single stratigraphic units. About 15-30% crystallization of roughly equal amounts of plagioclase and clinopyroxene, with 0.2-0.4 wt% H2O and fO2, ~QFM,is required. The depth of crystallization may have shoaled when the graben formed. Geological control adds much to igneous petrology, even at mid-ocean ridges. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Mon Apr 22 10:24:11 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 14:24:11 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] ****REMINDER**MONDAY (TODAY)** GFDI Colloquium on Monday, APRIL 22, at 11:00AM in Melvin Stern Seminar Room, #18 Keen Building In-Reply-To: References: , , Message-ID: *****REMINDER ************THIS MORNING****** ********REMINDER**********REMINDER******MONDAY, APRIL 22 at 11:00AM************ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & GFDI COLLOQUIUM & &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Title ?Discovery mathematical models from experimental data" Speaker Dr. Alessandro Alla Department of Mathematics PUC-Rio, Brazil Time and Place 11:00AM, Monday, April 22, 2019 Melvin Stern Seminar/Reading Room 18 Keen Building Refreshments will be served at 10:30AM ABSTRACT: In this talk, we will present two recent techniques to discover mathematical models from data using machine learning techniques. In the first part of the talk, we advocate the use of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), an equation-free method, to approximate the data with a linear model. DMD is a spatio-temporal matrix decomposition of a data matrix that correlates spatial features while simultaneously associating the activity with periodic temporal behavior. With this decomposition, one can obtain a reduced dimensional surrogate model and use for future state predictions or extrapolate missing information from the data. In the second part, we address the problem of discovering nonlinear ODEs and PDEs from data. We will show that we can recover the mathematical problem by means of sparse optimization methods such as LASSO and RIDGE regression. Examples and applications of the methods will be showed during the talk. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Tue Apr 23 15:02:48 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 19:02:48 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] Meteorology PhD Defense for Ruikai Yan, Wednesday, May 1, 2019, 10:30 PM, LOV353 Message-ID: Meteorology Seminar Ruikai Yan PhD Meteorology Candidate Title: AN ABSOLUTE ANGULAR MOMENTUM BASED ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR TROPICAL CYCLONE RADIAL WIND PROFILES Major Professor: Dr. Ming Cai Date: Wednesday, May 1st Time: 10:30 AM Location: Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building) (Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 10:00 AM) ABSTRACT The ability to construct radial wind profiles of tropical cyclones (TC) from limited observations is crucial to the initialization of TC simulations and predictions. A minimum requirement for constructing a reasonable radial wind profile is a high skill in estimating one of the four TC characteristic parameters, namely maximum wind speed (Vmax), radius of maximum wind speed (rmax), 17 ms?1 wind speed (V17), and radius of 17 ms?1 wind (r17) from the other three. In this study, we put froth an absolute angular momentum (AAM) based analytical model for inferring the radial profile beyond the rmax. An AAM loss function L, defined as the ratio of the AAM at r17 to that at rmax, is introduced to represent the AAM loss during radially inward motions in a TC by utilizing observations of the four TC characteristic parameters. We parameterize the AAM loss function L as a function of these four parameters and environmental factors. The parameterized AAM loss function L, combined with mathematical expressions of AAM at r17 and at rmax, gives us the newly developed analytical model. This observation-physics based model allows us to construct radial profiles of TCs under four different configurations from observations of these four parameters. Specifically, we can use Vmax and rmax as inputs for solving (a) the tangential velocity profile of a TC from rmax to r17 or (b) the TC?s radius for a given tangential velocity from Vmax to V17. Alternatively, we can use V17 and r17 as inputs for solving (c) the tangential velocity profile of a TC from r17 to rmax or (d) the TC?s radius for a given tangential velocity from V17 to Vmax. This enables us to acquire radial wind profiles when one of the four parameters is not available in observations. The degree of consistency of (a) versus (c) and (b) versus (c) is an indicator of the robustness of the model. We evaluate the skill of our model using 4491 records of 197 named TCs derived from the Extended Best Track Dataset for the period of 1998-2016, and find that the mean errors in estimating Vmax, rmax, V17, and r17 are, respectively, 5.95 m/s, 25.37 km, 3.33 m/s, and 57.67 km. The newly developed analytical model has several advantages over widely recognized existing TC wind profile models. Most empirical models, for example, are designed to construct radial wind profiles in only one of the four configurations. While other physics-based models have mean errors in Vmax, rmax, and r17 that are larger by several factors. Furthermore, our model can yield physically realistic radial wind profiles and solutions of TC characteristic parameters (meaning that for radial wind profiles, wind velocity decreases monotonically from rmax to r17, and for solutions, Vmax > V17 > 0 and r17 > rmax > 0) for all 4491 TC records, regardless of which of the four con- figurations is chosen. For more than 10% of the TC records, however, other physics-based models have radial wind profiles that are discrete or increases from the inside to outside, and have solutions that either do not exist or are not physical under certain configurations. Shel McGuire Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology) Tallahassee, FL 32306 850-644-8582 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Thu Apr 25 08:56:02 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2019 12:56:02 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER: Meteorology PhD Defense for Ruikai Yan, Wednesday, May 1, 2019, 10:30 PM, LOV353 Message-ID: Meteorology Seminar Ruikai Yan PhD Meteorology Candidate Title: AN ABSOLUTE ANGULAR MOMENTUM BASED ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR TROPICAL CYCLONE RADIAL WIND PROFILES Major Professor: Dr. Ming Cai Date: Wednesday, May 1st Time: 10:30 AM Location: Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building) (Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 10:00 AM) ABSTRACT The ability to construct radial wind profiles of tropical cyclones (TC) from limited observations is crucial to the initialization of TC simulations and predictions. A minimum requirement for constructing a reasonable radial wind profile is a high skill in estimating one of the four TC characteristic parameters, namely maximum wind speed (Vmax), radius of maximum wind speed (rmax), 17 ms?1 wind speed (V17), and radius of 17 ms?1 wind (r17) from the other three. In this study, we put froth an absolute angular momentum (AAM) based analytical model for inferring the radial profile beyond the rmax. An observed AAM loss function L is defined as the ratio of the observed AAM at r17 to that at rmax. We parameterize the observed AAM loss function L as a function of these four parameters and environmental factors. The combination of analytical expressions of the AAM loss L and the AAM at r17 and rmax, gives us the analytical model. This observation-physics based model allows us to construct radial profiles of TCs under four different configurations from observations of these four parameters. Specifically, we can use Vmax and rmax as inputs for solving (a) the tangential velocity profile of a TC from rmax to r17 or (b) the TC?s radius for a given tangential velocity from Vmax to V17. Alternatively, we can use V17 and r17 as inputs for solving (c) the tangential velocity profile of a TC from r17 to rmax or (d) the TC?s radius for a given tangential velocity from V17 to Vmax. This enables us to acquire radial wind profiles when one of the four parameters is not available in observations. The degree of consistency of (a) versus (c) and (b) versus (c) is an indicator of the robustness of the model. We evaluate the skill of our model using 4491 records of 197 named TCs derived from the Extended Best Track Dataset for the period of 1998-2016, and find that the mean errors in estimating Vmax, rmax, V17, and r17 are, respectively, 5.95 m/s, 25.37 km, 3.33 m/s, and 57.67 km. The newly developed analytical model has several advantages over widely recognized existing TC wind profile models. Most empirical models, for example, are designed to construct radial wind profiles in only one of the four configurations. While other physics-based models have mean errors in Vmax, rmax, and r17 that are larger by several factors. Furthermore, our model can yield physically realistic radial wind profiles and solutions of TC characteristic parameters (meaning that for radial wind profiles, wind velocity decreases monotonically from rmax to r17, and for solutions, Vmax > V17 > 0 and r17 > rmax > 0) for all 4491 TC records, regardless of which of the four con- figurations is chosen. For more than 10% of the TC records, however, other physics-based models have radial wind profiles that are discrete or increases from the inside to outside, and have solutions that either do not exist or are not physical under certain configurations. Shel McGuire Florida State University Academic Program Specialist Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science 1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology) Tallahassee, FL 32306 850-644-8582 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu Fri Apr 26 10:04:24 2019 From: eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu (eoas-seminar at lists.fsu.edu) Date: Fri, 26 Apr 2019 14:04:24 +0000 Subject: [Eoas-seminar] REMINDER TODAY Fwd: Last EOAS Colloquium speaker of 2018-2019 this Fri 3:30 in CAR 101 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Our last speaker of the 2018-2019 EOAS Colloquium series will be TODAY at 3:30 in CAR 101: Dr Jim Gill of UC Santa Cruz Melting bi-lithologic mantle at an enriched mid-ocean ridge unrelated to a plume: at high spatial and temporal resolution Mantle melting beneath mid-ocean ridges can occur in discrete batches at century scale, and the melt batches can differentiate quickly in largely closed systems within the crust. These conclusions result from high-resolution mapping, sampling, dating, and tephra stratigraphy of basalts at the Endeavour segment of the intermediate rate Juan de Fuca Ridge. Chemically diverse basalts erupted within hundreds of meters of one another, and hundreds of years apart. Because they differ by factors of 5 in K2O/TiO2 and 3 in Nb/Zr, their major and trace elements and isotope define several basalt types and stratigraphic units. Ratios of highly incompatible trace elements, and radiogenic isotopes, are typical of MORB globally and define binary mixing trends. However, ratios of moderately incompatible elements such as La/Sm and K/Ti define two separate mixing trends relative to Pb and Hf isotopes. These element ratios are higher relative to isotope ratios when the ridge axis was inflated from 25 to 4 ka, and lower after a graben formed ~2.3 ka. Th/U and excess 230Th also increased after graben formation. These changes are interpreted as a result of a greater degree and rate of melting of a mafic (?pyroxenitic?) component during the earlier, inflated period. Although magma mixing in the mantle or in crustal melt lenses would be required to relate all the Endeavour basalts to single source, closed system fractional crystallization at about the depth of the seismically observed melt lens can explain magma evolution within single stratigraphic units. About 15-30% crystallization of roughly equal amounts of plagioclase and clinopyroxene, with 0.2-0.4 wt% H2O and fO2, ~QFM,is required. The depth of crystallization may have shoaled when the graben formed. Geological control adds much to igneous petrology, even at mid-ocean ridges. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: