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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Hi Folks:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Interesting article for junior scientists to consider as you apply for NIH research grants. Best, Neil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#282828">Neil Charness, Ph.D., William G. Chase Professor of Psychology<br>
Director, Institute for Successful Longevity </span><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.isl.fsu.edu/">www.isl.fsu.edu</a></span><span style="color:#282828"><br>
Department of Psychology, Florida State University<br>
1107 West Call Street, Tallahassee, Florida, USA 32306-4301<br>
Phone (office): 850-644-6686; Fax: 850-644-7739<br>
E-mail: </span><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:charness@psy.fsu.edu">charness@psy.fsu.edu</a></span><span style="color:#282828">;
</span><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.psy.fsu.edu/~charness/">http://www.psy.fsu.edu/~charness/</a></span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">Please Note:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">Due to Florida’s very broad public records law, most written business communications to or from FSU staff and/or any public college or university employee are public records, available to the public and media upon
request. Therefore, this e-mail communication may be subject to public disclosure.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Karl Ericsson <ericsson@psy.fsu.edu> <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 17, 2019 4:53 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> dl-psy-psydept <psydept@psy.fsu.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Good news for those who nearly missed getting a NIH grant<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">See the summary of the research published in this week’s issue of The Economist (below) and/or read the complete paper that I attached. For full reference
<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06958">https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06958</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">The Economist | Never give up <br>
<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.economist.com_node_21763807-3Ffrsc-3Ddg-257Ce&d=DwMFaQ&c=HPMtquzZjKY31rtkyGRFnQ&r=AWh7VqkixQpUHnCct8dcQt5rjxU_T9zygkWSQJiHX3M&m=xxiq0CMS7mQ2W04DIkdSMEEYr7JTIjga1ckEFeZXjJQ&s=JXapO6k-UOITDYXOHPHiyK0vIptGC-OZJu4YvtIDz90&e=">https://www.economist.com/node/21763807?frsc=dg%7Ce</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<h3 style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:15.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal">Science and technology</span><span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<p class="fly" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">Success in academi. <o:p>
</o:p></p>
<h1 style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:2.1875rem;word-break:break-word">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal">Never give up</span><span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:1.5rem">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal">New research confirms the value of an old proverb</span><span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
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<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:1.5rem">
I<span style="font-size:10.0pt">n 1968 robert merton</span>, a sociologist at Columbia University, identified a feature of academic life that he called the Matthew effect. The most talented scientists, he observed, tend to have access to the most resources
and the best opportunities, and receive a disproportionate amount of credit for their work, thus amplifying their already enhanced reputations and careers. Less brilliant ones, meanwhile, are often left scrambling for money and recognition. Or, as St Matthew
puts it (Chapter 13, verse 12), “For whosoever hath, to him shall be given, and he shall have more abundance: but whosoever hath not, from him shall be taken away even that he hath.”<o:p></o:p></p>
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The Matthew effect is undoubtedly real. But a more recent piece of research, by Yang Wang, Benjamin Jones and Dashun Wang of Northwestern University, in Illinois, suggests Matthew’s verse is not the only relevant aphorism. Another, “If at first you don’t succeed,
try, try, try again”, also seems to be true.<o:p></o:p></p>
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The Drs Wang (who are unrelated) and Dr Jones discovered this by collecting data on grant applications. In particular they examined those submitted between 1990 and 2005 to America’s National Institutes of Health (<span style="font-size:7.5pt">nih</span>) by
junior-level scientists. Rather than analyse every proposal, they focused on two groups of applicants: those who received relatively high scores on their submissions but just missed getting a grant, and those who scored similarly well but just succeeded in
being awarded one.<o:p></o:p></p>
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The three researchers found that, rather than automatically holding the failures back, as the Matthew effect might be thought to predict, an early-career setback of this sort was sometimes associated with greater academic success in the long run. Those in the
sample who missed out on funding were more likely to drop out altogether from the <span style="font-size:7.5pt">nih</span> system than those who won it. That came as no surprise. What did surprise was that those in the near-miss group who persevered and continued
to apply for grants after their initial failure outperformed their counterparts who had succeeded first time, as measured by the number of citations of their research that they received over the subsequent ten years. On average, they garnered, over that period,
36% more citations and published 39% more “hit” papers (those with citations in the top 5%) than their near-win counterparts.<o:p></o:p></p>
<h3 style="mso-margin-top-alt:30.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:1.625rem">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal">True grit</span><span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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While some of this can be explained by the weakest scientists in the no-grant group giving up, something else is going on as well. The three researchers showed this by removing the lowest-performing scientists from the group that had won grants until its dropout
rate matched that of the group that had not. That done, they found that there was still a significant gap between the subsequent performances of the two groups. They thus conclude that other, unobservable, characteristics are at work—the sort of stuff that
laymen refer to as “effort” or “grit”.<o:p></o:p></p>
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