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Good afternoon, </div>
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Please join us for Chance Hannold's Dissertation on Friday, October 30, 2026, at 3:00 PM in EOAS 4067.</div>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Title:
</span><span class="spanWithBackgroundColor" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“</span><span class="spanWithBackgroundColor" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><i>Environmental
Changes as the Principal Driver of Biogeographic Processes in Late Cenozoic North America: Stable Isotopic Evidence from Mexico and California</i></span><span class="spanWithBackgroundColor" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(36, 36, 36); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">” </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Name: Chance Hannold</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Date: 10/30/2026</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Time: 3:00 PM </span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Location: EOA 4067 </span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Major Professor: Dr. Yang Wang</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> </span></p>
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<span class="spanWithBackgroundColor" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>Abstract:</b> This dissertation investigates whether climate-induced environmental changes can explain biogeographic trends of mammals in the Americas during the Neogene
and Quaternary, including the expansion of C<sub>4</sub> grasslands, dispersals associated with the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI), and speciation and extinction events of gomphotheres and mammoths. Using stable isotope analyses of fossil tooth enamel
and soil carbonates from Mexico and fossil teeth from California, this study reconstructs paleoenvironments and paleodiets of horses and proboscideans to explore the relationships between climate, environment, and biogeography. The isotopic evidence suggests
that: (1) C<sub>4</sub> grasslands emerged earlier in Mexico than in the midlatitudes, but the expansion of C<sub>4</sub> biomass was not monotonic and was driven by temperature-induced changes in regional aridity over time; (2) Mexico and the Great Plains
were interconnected biogeographically during the early Pliocene, and thus Mexico may have acted as a holding pen for GABI migrants moving southward until the migratory corridor to South America became passable; (3) the cladogenesis of gomphotheres from
<i>Gomphotherium</i> occurred in Mexico simultaneously with the expansion of C<sub>4</sub> grasslands, and dietary and habitat flexibility allowed the descendant of
<i>Rhynchotherium</i> to succeed in a GABI dispersal; and (4) the speciation of the pygmy mammoth from the Columbian mammoth was not driven by dietary differences or climate-induced environmental change, but climate-driven water stress may have contributed
to the extinction of both mammoth species. This dissertation demonstrates that a more direct application of stable isotope paleoecology to events of evolutionary and environmental importance can help confirm or reject theories based on morphological studies
or limited physical evidence.</span></div>
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Best, </div>
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Adea </div>
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<span style="font-family: "Segoe Script"; font-size: 12pt;">Adea Arrison</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Segoe Script"; font-size: 12pt;">Sr. Academic Program Specialist</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Segoe Script"; font-size: 12pt;">Department of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science</span></p>
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