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<div style="direction: ltr; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Aptos, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Just a reminder to please attend our last MET seminar of the semester today
</span><span style="font-family: Arial;">at 3 PM, given by Prof. Ming Cai (FSU). He will speak about "<i>Climate sensitivity emerges from first-principles temperature feedback circuits”</i></span></div>
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See you there! </div>
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DATE: Tuesday April 21</div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">TIME: 3-4 PM</div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">LOCATION: EOA 1044 </div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">SPEAKER: Prof. Ming Cai</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Allison A. Wing, Ph.D.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Werner A. and Shirley B. Baum Associate Professor</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Florida State University</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:awing@fsu.edu" data-outlook-id="3dbc4b5c-2552-4faf-94d7-29b9080dbf4a" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">awing@fsu.edu</a></p>
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<b>From: </b>Eoas-seminar <eoas-seminar-bounces@lists.fsu.edu> on behalf of eoas-seminar--- via Eoas-seminar <eoas-seminar@lists.fsu.edu><br>
<b>Date: </b>Wednesday, April 15, 2026 at 9:19 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>Eoas-seminar <eoas-seminar@lists.fsu.edu>; info@coaps.fsu.edu <info@coaps.fsu.edu><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Eoas-seminar] MET Seminar - Tuesday April 21 - 3 PM - Prof. Ming Cai (FSU)<br>
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Dear all, </div>
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Please join us for a Meteorology seminar on Tuesday April 21 at 3 PM, given by Prof. Ming Cai (FSU). He will speak about "<i>Climate sensitivity emerges from first-principles temperature feedback circuits”</i> (abstract below).</div>
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<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Prof. Cai will present his seminar in person in 1044, but a Zoom link is available for those with a medical excuse or approved work off-campus. Please contact Allison Wing (</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 240);"><a href="mailto:awing@fsu.edu" class="ms-outlook-linkify" title="mailto:awing@fsu.edu" data-ogsc="rgb(0, 134, 240)" data-outlook-id="3b775de3-847f-4320-b67e-8836571d6069" style="color: rgb(0, 134, 240);">awing@fsu.edu</a></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)
for the link.</span></div>
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DATE: Tuesday April 21</div>
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TIME: 3-4 PM</div>
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LOCATION: EOA 1044 </div>
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SPEAKER: Prof. Ming Cai</div>
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We look forward to seeing you there!</div>
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=========</div>
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Title: <i>Climate sensitivity emerges from first-principles temperature feedback circuits</i></div>
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Abstract: <span style="color: rgb(31, 31, 31);">Climate sensitivity is a fundamental metric of the climate system, yet it is traditionally diagnosed from model simulations or observed trends and therefore lacks predictive capability. In this talk, I present
a recent advance that directly addresses a long-standing challenge in climate science since the Charney Report in 1979: how much warming does the Earth’s climate produce in response to a unit external energy input at the top of the atmosphere (TOA)?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">In essence, we discover from first principles that temperature feedback within an atmosphere–surface column operates as a set of feedback circuits, each governed by its own intrinsic gain less than unity, resulting in geometric
compounding amplification of input energy at individual layers and energy gain in other layers through successive feedback cycles. In particular, the surface-centered feedback circuits determine both the amplification of input energy imposed at the surface
and the surface energy gain induced by energy input in atmospheric layers. It follows that the ratio of amplified surface energy via the surface-centered temperature-feedback circuits to the initial surface energy from TOA forcing imposed at individual layers
represents the temperature-feedback amplification of surface energy per unit TOA forcing. In addition to this temperature-feedback amplification, a non-temperature-feedback amplification can be estimated from the amplification of solar energy absorbed by the
surface from downward longwave radiation at the surface in the climate mean state. Climate sensitivity then follows naturally as the ratio of the product of these two amplifications to the surface Planck feedback parameter. The climate sensitivity calculated
from the ERA5 1980–2000 climate mean state is 1.166 K per 1 W m⁻² energy input at the TOA, which accurately predicts the observed warming from 1980–2000 to 2000–2020 (0.44 K versus 0.41 K observed). </span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">The median warming relative to the 1980–2000 mean state under 4×CO₂ forcing imposed on 18 CMIP6 models, predicted from this sensitivity, is 6.2 K, with a full spread of 1.7 K due to intermodel differences in 4×CO₂ forcing.
The median theoretically derived pre-industrial climate sensitivity (1.0 K per 1 W m⁻²) is close to the median climate sensitivity (1.05 K per 1 W m⁻²) diagnosed from CMIP6 4×CO₂ warming relative to the pre-industrial state. The intermodel spread of the former,
arising from differences in pre-industrial mean states, is one-third of the latter. Furthermore, the median warming (5.3 K) predicted from the theoretically derived pre-industrial climate sensitivity is close to the median CMIP6 4×CO₂ warming (5.6 K) relative
to the pre-industrial mean state. Of the total uncertainty in CMIP6 4×CO₂ warming projections (3.5 K), 37% (1.3 K) can be attributed to uncertainty in the pre-industrial mean state of CMIP6 models, with the remaining 63% (2.2 K) arising from uncertainty in
climate feedback strength across models.</span></p>
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Allison Wing, Ph.D.<br>
Werner A. and Shirley B. Baum Professor<br>
Associate Professor, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science<br>
Florida State University<br>
awing@fsu.edu</div>
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