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<p class="HTMLBody" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><u><span style="font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Monotype Corsiva"">Meteorology Seminar<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="HTMLBody" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:28.0pt;font-family:"Monotype Corsiva""><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="HTMLBody" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:28.0pt;font-family:"Monotype Corsiva"">Charles Kenneth Wirks</span></b><span style="font-size:28.0pt;font-family:"Monotype Corsiva""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="HTMLBody" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28.0pt;font-family:"Monotype Corsiva"">M.S. Meteorology Candidate<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="HTMLBody"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="doublespacedcaps" align="left" style="text-align:left;line-height:normal">
<b><u><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Title</span></u>:</b> IMPACTS OF SUGAR CANE AGRICULTURAL FIRES ON AIR QUALITY IN SOUTHERN FLORIDA: MODELING PARTICULATE MATTER WITH THE HYSPLIT ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODEL.<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Major Professor</span></u></b><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">: Dr. Christopher Holmes
</span></b><b><u><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Date</span></u></b><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">:</span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">
<b>May 23, 2019</b> <b><u>Time</u>: 1:00 – 2:30 pm</b></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="HTMLBody"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="HTMLBody"><b><u><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Location</span></u></b><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">:
</span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Werner A. Baum Seminar Room (353 Love Building)<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>(Please join us for refreshments served outside room 353 Love @ 12:30 PM)</b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="HTMLBody" style="text-autospace:ideograph-other"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b>ABSTRACT<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:.5in"><span style="color:black">The state of Florida approves annually approximately
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>7.4×</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>10</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>5</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:2.5pt;mso-text-raise:-2.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="59" height="18" style="width:.6145in;height:.1875in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
hectares (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>1.8×</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>10</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r>6</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:2.5pt;mso-text-raise:-2.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="59" height="18" style="width:.6145in;height:.1875in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image002.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
acres) of land of prescribed fires and, if the meteorology is not monitored properly, the production of particulate matter (PM) may cause health issues for neighboring communities. Due to the high contaminated water and oil content in sugarcane and saccharine
crops, complete combustion is rarely achieved leading to the production of abundant amounts of concentrated PM. PM smaller than 2.5 micron in diameter (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">),
may have adverse effects on respiratory and cardiovascular health as shown in previous studies. Excessive exposure to
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
may lead to diseases such as respiratory distress, asthma, heart disease, and cancer. In this study, the distribution and impacts of
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
caused by prescribed burns of sugarcane crops during the harvest season is assessed. Results are evaluated against wind, precipitation, humidity observations, emission factors, locations of fires as reported by Florida Forestry Services (FFS), and observed
concentration values reported by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The results are then evaluated to identify populated areas that are at high risk of experiencing the impacts of
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
exposure. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">This research seeks to evaluate the air quality due to
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">
loading and quantify the excess of mortality contributed by said </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">.
Archived data of prescribed fires in Florida were used with records from 2008-2015 from the FFS open burn authorizations (OBA). Samples of concentration values are used during sugar cane harvest seasons which occur from Fall (generally October) and last until
Winter (generally March). The results from HYSPLIT atmospheric dispersion model shows an under estimation in the production of
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>PM</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:black'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2.5</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="35" height="19" style="width:.3645in;height:.1979in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01D50C9A.D2797610"></span><![endif]><span style="color:black">.
This is due to the uncertainties and variability</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Shel McGuire<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Florida State University<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Academic Program Specialist<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1017 Academic Way, 410 Love Building (Meteorology)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Tallahassee, FL 32306<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">850-644-8582<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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